Textile material and the production thereof



'- of which the first type of of regenerated from such yarn may be treated by immersion in Patented June 27, 1944 UNITE-D] STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'rnx'rms MATERIAL AND 'rnn rnopuo'non :rnnnnor Angus Smith Bell and, wanna Campbell Angus,

Spondon, near Derby,

Celanese Corporation of y of Delaware No Drawing.

Application March In Great Britain Enlland, America, a corporation assignors to 10, 1942, Serial March Q3, 1941 Claims.- ('01. 28-75) tionthus makes use of the substantial shrinkage characteristic of the highly polymeric esters and others, these materials, besides being thermoplastic, also having the p operty of ing in suitable organic liquids.

Cellulose acetate is an example of the material staple fibre may be composed. Other organic derivatives of cellulose may likewise be used, e. g. cellulose formate, propionate and butyrate and ethyl, methyl and benzyl cellulose. Again, fibi'es of a copolymer of vinyl chloride (85-90%) and vinyl acetate (-10%) may be used. Examples of cellulosic material for readily swellthe other component are viscose or oupram-' monium regenerated cellulose and saponifled cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivative file.- ments or fibres.

Particularly satisfactory results may be obtained, for example, by weaving a fabric with both warp and weft composed of a yam spun from a mixture of a cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivative staple fibre and a regenerated cellulose (e. g. viscose) staple fibre, and subjecting the fabric to treatment .with a shrinking agent for only the cellulose derivative component of the yarn. Thus, the yarn may be produced by spinning together a mixture of cellulose acetateand viscose fibres containing or more, e. g. cellulose and the fabric woven a bath of water containing, for example, 200 to 500 grams per litre, of acetic .acid, at about 10-25 C., for a time suflicient to develop the desired fullness, say up to 10, 12, 15 or 20 minutes or more; If it is desired to avoid acetic acid fumes, a soluextremely thin and harsh the treatment imparts a most acceptable fullness and pleasant handle.

.of giving the desired yield a harsh product.

Other shrinking media may be employed, among which may be mentioned methyl propionate and propylene chloride; mixtures of methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, or a lower alkyl formate with kerosene, benzene, carbon tetrachloride or toluene; and mixtures of methyl acetate, or trichlorethylene with methyl or ethyl alcohol. Acetone (suitably diluted with water) is also capable shrinkage, but tends to After the shrinking treatment the. fabrics may be subjected to a slight saponifying operation, though this should not be sufllcient to modify the dyeing properties to any substantial extent. Generally, however, a sufllciently pleasing handle is obtained without such further treatment. The fabric may be differentially dyed or it may be dyed in solid colours.

The following are examples of the manner in which fabrics of full or voluminous character may be produced in accordance with the invention.

Ira-ample I a mixture of 10% of cellulose acetate fibres and 80% of viscose fibres is woven into a fabric, the yarn being employed both for the warp and for the weft of the fabric The secured for 15 minutes in a solution of 1.5 grams of soap per litre at 60 0., is washed off in soft water and dried. The fabric is then treated for 15 minutes in a bath containing 450 grams per litre of glacial acetate acid at 15 C. After washing of! and drying, the yarn is rinsed in a solution of 1 gram per litre of sodium carbonate, washed and dried. The fabric so produced is of full and pleasant handle and is ready for use,

Yarn spun from though if desired it may be subjected to a partial tion, in similar proportions, of ammonium thiocy- 1 anate may be employed instead of a solution of acetic acid. Good results are obtained when a shrinkage of 4-5.% is obtained both warp-wise and weft-wise. Although as woven the fabric is saponifying treatment in a bath containing 5% of caustic soda, based on the weight of the material, for, one hour at C.

Example If The fabric of Example I is treated, after scouring and washing, in a bath containing 15 grams per litre of ammonium thiocyanate at 20 0., and is then thoroughly washed and dried. As in Example I, the fabric is ready for use, either immediately or after artial saponiflcation.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1? Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character. said processcomprislng spinning together into a yam two varieties of staple fibre,

of highly polymeric esters or ethers and the other from cellulose filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, and treating shrinking agent for the first-mentioned fibrous component. said organic shrinking agent having substantially no shrinking effect on the other fibrous component.

2. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of highly polymeric esters or ethers and the other from cellulose filaments, weaving said yarns into a fabric, and treating the woven fabric with an organic shrinking agent for the first-mentioned fibrous component, said organic shrinking agent having substantially no shrinking effect on the other fibrous component. a

3. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising ,spinning together into a yam two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of an organic derivative of cellulose and the other from cellulose filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, and treating the fabric with shrinking agent for the cellulose derivative fibres, said organic shrinking agent having substantially no shrinking effecton the cellulose fibres.

4. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminius character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of cellulose acetate and the other from cellulose filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, and treating the fabric with an organic shrinkin agent for the cellulose acetate fibres, said organic shrinking agent having substantially no shrinking eifect on the cellulose fibr v 5. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of cellulose acetate and the other from cellulose filaments. forming said yarns into a fabric, and treating the fabric with an aqueous solution of acetic acid,'said aqueous solution of acetic acid Y havingsubstantially-no shrinking eifect on the cellulose fibres.

an organicthe fabric with an organic spinning together staple fibre, one

2,352,245 one of which is made from filaments production of fabrics of. full or voluminous character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of cellulose acetate and the other from cellulose filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, and treating the fabric with an aqueous solution of ammonium thiocyanate, said aqueous solution of ammonium thiocyanate having substantially no shrinking effect on the cellulose fibres. I

7. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments ofa cellulose ester and the other from cellulose filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, treating the fabric with'an organic shrinking agent for the cellulose ester fibres and then partially saponifying the cellulose ester in the fabric.

v 8. Process for the productiompf fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of staple fibre, one of which is made from filaments of cellulose acetate and the-other from cellulosei filaments, forming said yarns into a fabric, treating the fabric with an organic shrinking agent for the cellulose acetate fibres and then partially saponifying the cellulose acetate in the fabric.

9. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising spinning together into a yarn two varieties of of which is made from filaments 6. Process for the of cellulose acetate and the other from cellulose filaments, weaving said yarns into a fabric, treating the woven fabric with an aqueous solution of acetic acid and then partially saponifying the cellulose acetate in-saidfabric.

10. Process for the production of fabrics of full or voluminous character, said process comprising two varieties of of which is made from filaments of cellulose acetate and the other from cellulose filaments, weaving said yarns into a fabric, treating the woven fabric with an aqueous solution of ammonium thiocyanate and then partially sa-' ponifying the cellulose acetate in said fabric.

ANGUS SMITH Bruin. WIILIAM CAMPBELL mans. 

